Sponsored by prof. Dr. Alaa Nafea Jasim (the director of the center) , the center of heritage revival , the center organized seminar entitled ( the pen , its history and origins ) where sited on Tuesday 17th/9/2024 , , the seminar presented by prof. Dr. Zainab Kamel Kareem (one of the center’s members) who talked about the importance of pen As it relates to education and learning, God Almighty said (Nun, by the pen and what they write), God Almighty swears only by great matters, and when He swears by the pen and the book, it is only to spread knowledge and knowledge by which souls are guided and minds are opened to draw from the sciences of the Holy Quran. The pen was and still is the common writing tool, and the first thing that began was from tree branches, where the Sumerians used it. It is a pointed pen that they made from small branches after trimming them and making them into pens suitable for writing on soft clay tablets. Then the reed pen appeared among the ancient Egyptians, and it was made from hollow tubular trunks from bamboo plants by cutting one end of this tube at an angle, then filling the reed trunk with writing fluid. Types of pens developed, so the feather pen appeared and was used for a long period from the seventeenth century to the nineteenth century. By the fifties of the nineteenth century, half of the world’s pens were made in Birmingham. After that, the fountain pen began to appear, and the first to invent it was The Romanian Petrache Bonaro, who obtained a patent for the first fountain pen with an ink barrel in 1827 AD. Pens continued to develop until the pencil, ballpoint pen, and others appeared. In conclusion, the director of the center thanked the lecturer, wishing her continued success in serving our university and our beloved
